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Reading Docx Files on Older Word Versions

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Give-and-take processor adult by Microsoft

Microsoft Word
Microsoft Office Word (2019–present).svg
Microsoft Word.png

A story being written and formatted in Word, running on Windows 10 and Windows 11
Programmer(s) Microsoft
Initial release October 25, 1983; 38 years agone  (1983-10-25) (as Multi-Tool Word)
Stable release

2201 (16.0.14827.20192) / February 8, 2022; 23 days ago  (2022-02-08) [one]

Operating organization
  • Windows x and subsequently, Windows Server 2016 and later
Office 365 only
  • Windows seven SP1, Windows Server 2008 R2 and later[ii]
Platform IA-32, x64, ARM, ARM64
Blazon Discussion processor
License Trialware
Website products.office.com/word
Microsoft Word for Mac
Word for Mac screenshot.png

Word for Mac running on macOS Mojave (ten.fourteen.6)
Developer(s) Microsoft
Stable release

sixteen.56 (Build 21121100) / December 14, 2021; 2 months ago  (2021-12-fourteen) [3]

Operating system macOS
Blazon Word processor
License Proprietary software plus services
Website products.role.com/give-and-take
Microsoft Word for Android
Original writer(s) Microsoft Corporation
Developer(s) Microsoft Corporation
Stable release

16.0.14729.20146 / December 22, 2021; 2 months ago  (2021-12-22) [four]

Operating arrangement Android Oreo and later on
License Proprietary commercial software
Website products.function.com/discussion
Microsoft Discussion for iOS
Developer(south) Microsoft Corporation
Stable release

two.56 / December 12, 2021; 2 months agone  (2021-12-12) [5]

Operating system iOS 14 or later
IPadOS 14 or later
License Proprietary commercial software
Website products.office.com/word
Give-and-take Mobile for Windows x
Developer(s) Microsoft
Operating system Windows x and later, Windows 10 Mobile
Type Word processor
License Freemium
Website world wide web.microsoft.com/store/productId/9WZDNCRFJB9S

Microsoft Word is a word processing software developed by Microsoft. It was start released on Oct 25, 1983,[6] under the name Multi-Tool Discussion for Xenix systems.[seven] [eight] [ix] Subsequent versions were later written for several other platforms including IBM PCs running DOS (1983), Apple tree Macintosh running the Archetype Mac Bone (1985), AT&T UNIX PC (1985), Atari ST (1988), OS/ii (1989), Microsoft Windows (1989), SCO Unix (1990), and macOS (2001).

Commercial versions of Discussion are licensed as a standalone product or as a component of Microsoft Office 365, or Microsoft 365 Premium subscription, Windows RT or the discontinued Microsoft Works suite.

History [edit]

Origins [edit]

In 1981, Microsoft hired Charles Simonyi, the principal developer of Bravo, the first GUI discussion processor, which was adult at Xerox PARC.[10] Simonyi started piece of work on a word processor chosen Multi-Tool Word and before long hired Richard Brodie, a former Xerox intern, who became the primary software engineer.[10] [11] [12]

Microsoft announced Multi-Tool Word for Xenix[x] and MS-DOS in 1983.[13] Its name was soon simplified to Microsoft Discussion.[seven] Free sit-in copies of the application were bundled with the November 1983 issue of PC World, making it the beginning to be distributed on-disk with a magazine.[seven] [xiv] That yr Microsoft demonstrated Give-and-take running on Windows.[15]

Unlike most MS-DOS programs at the time, Microsoft Word was designed to exist used with a mouse.[13] Advertisements depicted the Microsoft Mouse and described Word every bit a WYSIWYG, windowed word processor with the ability to undo and brandish assuming, italic, and underlined text,[16] although information technology could not render fonts.[7] Information technology was non initially popular, since its user interface was unlike from the leading word processor at the fourth dimension, WordStar.[17] However, Microsoft steadily improved the product, releasing versions 2.0 through 5.0 over the next vi years. In 1985, Microsoft ported Word to the classic Mac Os (known as Macintosh Organization Software at the time). This was made easier by Discussion for DOS having been designed for employ with loftier-resolution displays and light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation printers, fifty-fifty though none were yet bachelor to the full general public.[18] It was too notable for its very fast cut-and-paste function and unlimited number of undo operations, which are due to its usage of the piece table data construction.[19]

Following the precedents of LisaWrite and MacWrite, Word for Mac OS added true WYSIWYG features. Information technology fulfilled a need for a word processor that was more capable than MacWrite.[20] Afterward its release, Word for Mac Bone's sales were higher than its MS-DOS counterpart for at least four years.[x]

The second release of Word for Mac OS, shipped in 1987, was named Word 3.0 to synchronize its version number with Word for DOS; this was Microsoft'due south first attempt to synchronize version numbers across platforms. Give-and-take three.0 included numerous internal enhancements and new features, including the beginning implementation of the Rich Text Format (RTF) specification, but was plagued with bugs. Inside a few months, Word three.0 was superseded by a more stable Word 3.01, which was mailed free to all registered users of 3.0.[xviii] After MacWrite Pro was discontinued in the mid-1990s, Word for Mac Os never had any serious rivals. Word 5.1 for Mac OS, released in 1992, was a very popular give-and-take processor attributable to its elegance, relative ease of use and feature set. Many users say information technology is the best version of Word for Mac OS e'er created.[18] [21]

In 1986, an understanding between Atari and Microsoft brought Word to the Atari ST[22] under the name Microsoft Write. The Atari ST version was a port of Word 1.05 for the Mac OS[23] [24] and was never updated.

The outset version of Word for Windows was released in 1989. With the release of Windows 3.0 the following yr, sales began to pick up and Microsoft soon became the market leader for word processors for IBM PC-compatible computers.[10] In 1991, Microsoft capitalized on Word for Windows' increasing popularity by releasing a version of Word for DOS, version 5.5, that replaced its unique user interface with an interface similar to a Windows application.[25] [26] When Microsoft became aware of the Year 2000 trouble, information technology made Microsoft Word 5.v for DOS available for download gratuitous. As of February 2021[update], it is still available for download from Microsoft's web site.[27] In 1991, Microsoft embarked on a project code-named Pyramid to completely rewrite Microsoft Word from the basis up. Both the Windows and Mac Os versions would start from the same code base of operations. It was abandoned when it was determined that it would take the development squad too long to rewrite and then catch upwardly with all the new capabilities that could have been added at the aforementioned fourth dimension without a rewrite. Instead, the next versions of Word for Windows and Mac Bone, dubbed version 6.0, both started from the code base of Word for Windows ii.0.[21]

With the release of Word vi.0 in 1993, Microsoft again attempted to synchronize the version numbers and coordinate product naming across platforms, this time across DOS, Mac Os, and Windows (this was the last version of Word for DOS). It introduced AutoCorrect, which automatically stock-still certain typing errors, and AutoFormat, which could reformat many parts of a document at once. While the Windows version received favorable reviews (e.g., from InfoWorld [28]), the Mac OS version was widely derided. Many defendant it of beingness slow, clumsy and retention intensive, and its user interface differed significantly from Word 5.ane.[21] In response to user requests, Microsoft offered Discussion v again, later it had been discontinued.[29] Subsequent versions of Word for macOS are no longer direct ports of Word for Windows, instead featuring a mixture of ported code and native lawmaking.

Word for Windows [edit]

Word for Windows is bachelor stand up-lonely or as part of the Microsoft Part suite. Word contains rudimentary desktop publishing capabilities and is the most widely used word processing program on the market. Word files are usually used equally the format for sending text documents via e-mail because almost every user with a computer tin can read a Word document by using the Give-and-take application, a Discussion viewer or a word processor that imports the Word format (see Microsoft Word Viewer).

Discussion half dozen for Windows NT was the commencement 32-bit version of the product,[30] released with Microsoft Office for Windows NT around the same time as Windows 95. It was a straightforward port of Word 6.0. Starting with Word 95, releases of Word were named after the year of its release, instead of its version number.[31]

Word 2007 introduced a redesigned user interface that emphasised the most mutual controls, dividing them into tabs, and adding specific options depending on the context, such as selecting an image or editing a tabular array.[32] This user interface, chosen Ribbon, was included in Excel, PowerPoint and Access 2007, and would be subsequently introduced to other Office applications with Part 2010 and Windows applications such as Pigment and WordPad with Windows 7, respectively.[33]

The redesigned interface also includes a toolbar that appears when selecting text, with options for formatting included.[34]

Word 2007 also included the selection to save documents equally Adobe Acrobat or XPS files,[34] and upload Word documents as blog posts on services such as WordPress.

Word 2010 allows the customization of the Ribbon,[35] adds a Backstage view for file management,[36] has improved document navigation, allows creation and embedding of screenshots,[37] and integrates with online services such equally Microsoft OneDrive.[38]

Word 2019 added a dictation role.

Give-and-take for Mac [edit]

The Mac was introduced January 24, 1984, and Microsoft introduced Word i.0 for Mac a year afterwards, on January eighteen, 1985. The DOS, Mac, and Windows versions are quite different from each other. Only the Mac version was WYSIWYG and used a graphical user interface, far ahead of the other platforms. Each platform restarted its version numbering at "1.0".[39] There was no version two on the Mac, just version 3 came out on January 31, 1987, as described in a higher place. Word 4.0 came out on November 6, 1990, and added automatic linking with Excel, the power to flow text around graphics and a WYSIWYG page view editing mode. Give-and-take five.i for Mac, released in 1992 ran on the original 68000 CPU and was the last to be specifically designed as a Macintosh awarding. The later Discussion 6 was a Windows port and poorly received. Discussion 5.1 continued to run well until the last Classic MacOS. Many people continue to run Discussion 5.1 to this day under an emulated Mac classic system for some of its splendid features similar document generation and renumbering or to access their old files.

Microsoft Word 2011 running on OS Ten

In 1997, Microsoft formed the Macintosh Business Unit of measurement as an contained group within Microsoft focused on writing software for Mac OS. Its get-go version of Give-and-take, Word 98, was released with Office 98 Macintosh Edition. Document compatibility reached parity with Word 97,[29] and it included features from Discussion 97 for Windows, including spell and grammer checking with squiggles.[40] Users could choose the menus and keyboard shortcuts to be like to either Discussion 97 for Windows or Word 5 for Mac OS.

Discussion 2001, released in 2000, added a few new features, including the Office Clipboard, which allowed users to re-create and paste multiple items.[41] Information technology was the last version to run on classic Mac OS and, on Mac Bone Ten, it could simply run inside the Classic Environment. Give-and-take Ten, released in 2001, was the first version to run natively on, and required, Mac Bone X,[40] and introduced non-face-to-face text selection.[42]

Discussion 2004 was released in May 2004. It included a new Notebook Layout view for taking notes either by typing or by phonation.[43] Other features, such as tracking changes, were made more similar with Office for Windows.[44]

Word 2008, released on January 15, 2008, included a Ribbon-like feature, chosen the Elements Gallery, that can be used to select page layouts and insert custom diagrams and images. It also included a new view focused on publishing layout, integrated bibliography direction,[45] and native support for the new Office Open XML format. Information technology was the first version to run natively on Intel-based Macs.[46]

Word 2011, released in Oct 2010, replaced the Elements Gallery in favor of a Ribbon user interface that is much more similar to Office for Windows,[47] and includes a full-screen manner that allows users to focus on reading and writing documents, and back up for Role Spider web Apps.[48]

Word for Mobile [edit]

Word Mobile is a give-and-take processor that allows creating and editing documents. It supports bones formatting, such every bit bolding, irresolute font size, and changing colors (from red, yellow, or dark-green). Information technology can add comments, but tin't edit documents with tracked changes. It can't open password protected documents, change the typeface, text alignment, or style (normal, heading i); create bulleted lists; insert pictures; or undo.[49] [l] [51] Discussion Mobile is neither able to display nor insert footnotes, endnotes, folio headers, page footers, page breaks, certain indentation of lists, and certain fonts while working on a document, but retains them if the original document has them.[52] In addition to the features of the 2013 version, the 2007 version on Windows Mobile also has the ability to relieve documents in the Rich Text Format and open legacy PSW (Pocket Word).[52] Furthermore, it includes a spell checker, word count tool, and a "Find and Supercede" command. In 2015, Discussion Mobile became bachelor for Windows 10 and Windows 10 Mobile on Windows Store.[53]

File formats [edit]

Native file formats
DOC Legacy Give-and-take document
DOT Legacy Word templates
WBK Legacy Word document backup
DOCX XML Word certificate
DOCM XML Discussion macro-enabled certificate
DOTX XML Give-and-take template
DOTM XML Word macro-enabled template
DOCB XML Give-and-take binary document

Filename extensions [edit]

Microsoft Word'due south native file formats are denoted either by a .doc or .docx filename extension.

Although the .doc extension has been used in many different versions of Word, it really encompasses four distinct file formats:

  1. Word for DOS
  2. Word for Windows 1 and 2; Word 3 and 4 for Mac Os
  3. Discussion 6 and Word 95 for Windows; Give-and-take 6 for Mac OS
  4. Give-and-take 97 and after for Windows; Word 98 and afterward for Mac OS

(The classic Mac OS of the era did not employ filename extensions.)[54]

The newer .docx extension signifies the Role Open XML international standard for Office documents and is used by default past Word 2007 and later for Windows every bit well equally Give-and-take 2008 and afterwards for macOS.[55]

Binary formats (Word 97–2007) [edit]

During the belatedly 1990s and early 2000s, the default Word document format (.DOC) became a de facto standard of document file formats for Microsoft Office users.[ citation needed ] There are different versions of "Word Document Format" used by default in Word 97–2007.[56] Each binary give-and-take file is a Chemical compound File,[57] a hierarchical file system inside a file. According to Joel Spolsky, Discussion Binary File Format is extremely complex mainly considering its developers had to accommodate an overwhelming number of features and prioritize performance over anything else.

As with all OLE Compound Files, Word Binary Format consists of "storages", which are coordinating to reckoner folders, and "streams", which are like to reckoner files. Each storage may contain streams or other storage. Each Word Binary File must comprise a stream called "WordDocument" stream and this stream must showtime with a File Information Cake (FIB).[59] FIB serves as the first point of reference for locating everything else, such as where the text in a Word document starts, ends, what version of Word created the document and other attributes.

Word 2007 and later go on to support the Medico file format, although it is no longer the default.

XML Document (Word 2003) [edit]

The .docx XML format introduced in Word 2003[60] was a simple, XML-based format called WordProcessingML or WordML .[61]

The Microsoft Function XML formats are XML-based certificate formats (or XML schemas) introduced in versions of Microsoft Office prior to Office 2007. Microsoft Role XP introduced a new XML format for storing Excel spreadsheets and Role 2003 added an XML-based format for Word documents.

These formats were succeeded past Office Open XML (ECMA-376) in Microsoft Office 2007.

Cross-version compatibility [edit]

Opening a Give-and-take Document file in a version of Word other than the one with which it was created can crusade an incorrect display of the document. The document formats of the various versions change in subtle and not so subtle ways (such equally changing the font, or the treatment of more complex tasks like footnotes). Formatting created in newer versions does not always survive when viewed in older versions of the program, nearly ever considering that capability does not exist in the previous version.[62] Rich Text Format (RTF), an early effort to create a format for interchanging formatted text between applications, is an optional format for Word that retains nearly formatting and all content of the original document.

Third-political party formats [edit]

Plugins permitting the Windows versions of Word to read and write formats it does non natively support, such equally international standard OpenDocument format (ODF) (ISO/IEC 26300:2006), are available. Up until the release of Service Pack 2 (SP2) for Function 2007, Word did not natively support reading or writing ODF documents without a plugin, namely the Sunday ODF Plugin or the OpenXML/ODF Translator. With SP2 installed, ODF format 1.one documents can be read and saved like any other supported format in add-on to those already bachelor in Word 2007.[62] [63] [64] [65] [66] The implementation faces substantial criticism, and the ODF Alliance and others have claimed that the third-party plugins provide better support.[67] Microsoft later on declared that the ODF support has some limitations.[68]

In October 2005, one year before the Microsoft Role 2007 suite was released, Microsoft alleged that at that place was insufficient demand from Microsoft customers for the international standard OpenDocument format support, and that therefore it would not be included in Microsoft Office 2007. This statement was repeated in the following months.[69] [lxx] [71] [72] Equally an reply, on October 20, 2005 an online petition was created to need ODF back up from Microsoft.[73]

In May 2006, the ODF plugin for Microsoft Role was released by the OpenDocument Foundation.[74] Microsoft declared that information technology had no relationship with the developers of the plugin.[75]

In July 2006, Microsoft announced the creation of the Open XML Translator project – tools to build a technical span between the Microsoft Office Open up XML Formats and the OpenDocument Format (ODF). This work was started in response to government requests for interoperability with ODF. The goal of projection was not to add ODF support to Microsoft Office, merely only to create a plugin and an external tool-set.[76] [77] In Feb 2007, this project released a first version of the ODF plugin for Microsoft Word.[78]

In February 2007, Sun released an initial version of its ODF plugin for Microsoft Office.[79] Version 1.0 was released in July 2007.[80]

Microsoft Word 2007 (Service Pack 1) supports (for output merely) PDF and XPS formats, but only subsequently manual installation of the Microsoft 'Relieve every bit PDF or XPS' add together-on.[81] [82] On afterward releases, this was offered by default.

Features and flaws [edit]

Amongst its features, Word includes a congenital-in spell checker, a thesaurus, a dictionary, and utilities for manipulating and editing text. The post-obit are some aspects of its feature set.

Templates [edit]

Several later on versions of Word include the ability for users to create their ain formatting templates, allowing them to define a file in which the title, heading, paragraph, and other element designs differ from the standard Word templates.[83] Users tin find how to do this under the Help department located virtually the top right corner (Give-and-take 2013 on Windows 8).

For example, Normal.dotm is the main template from which all Give-and-take documents are created. It determines the margin defaults every bit well as the layout of the text and font defaults. Although Normal.dotm is already prepare with certain defaults, the user tin modify it to new defaults. This will alter other documents which were created using the template.[84] It was previously Normal.dot.[85]

Image formats [edit]

Word can import and display images in common bitmap formats such as JPG and GIF. It can too be used to create and display simple line-art. Microsoft Discussion added support[86] for the mutual SVG vector image format in 2017 for Office 365 ProPlus subscribers and this functionality was also included in the Office 2019 release.

WordArt [edit]

An case prototype created with WordArt

WordArt enables cartoon text in a Microsoft Word document such as a title, watermark, or other text, with graphical effects such every bit skewing, shadowing, rotating, stretching in a multifariousness of shapes and colors and even including 3-dimensional furnishings. Users can use formatting furnishings such as shadow, bevel, glow, and reflection to their document text as easily as applying bold or underline. Users can also spell-check text that uses visual effects, and add text furnishings to paragraph styles.

Macros [edit]

A Macro is a rule of pattern that specifies how a certain input sequence (often a sequence of characters) should be mapped to an output sequence co-ordinate to a defined procedure. Frequently used or repetitive sequences of keystrokes and mouse movements can be automated. Like other Microsoft Function documents, Word files can include advanced macros and even embedded programs. The language was originally WordBasic, but changed to Visual Basic for Applications as of Word 97.

This extensive functionality can also exist used to run and propagate viruses in documents. The trend for people to commutation Word documents via email, USB flash drives, and floppy disks made this an especially attractive vector in 1999. A prominent example was the Melissa virus, only countless others accept existed.

These macro viruses were the only known cantankerous-platform threats between Windows and Macintosh computers and they were the only infection vectors to affect whatever macOS arrangement up until the advent of video codec trojans in 2007.[ citation needed ] Microsoft released patches for Word X and Word 2004 that effectively eliminated the macro problem on the Mac past 2006.

Word'southward macro security setting, which regulates when macros may execute, tin be adjusted past the user, merely in the nigh recent versions of Word, it is prepare to HIGH by default, mostly reducing the run a risk from macro-based viruses, which have get uncommon.

Layout problems [edit]

Before Word 2010 (Word fourteen) for Windows, the program was unable to correctly handle ligatures defined in OpenType fonts.[87] Those ligature glyphs with Unicode codepoints may be inserted manually, but are not recognized by Word for what they are, breaking spell checking, while custom ligatures nowadays in the font are not accessible at all. Since Word 2010, the program now has advanced typesetting features which can be enabled:[88] OpenType ligatures,[89] kerning, and hyphenation (previous versions already had the latter 2 features). Other layout deficiencies of Give-and-take include the inability to set crop marks or thin spaces. Various third-party workaround utilities have been developed.[ninety]

In Word 2004 for Mac OS X, support of complex scripts was inferior even to Word 97,[91] and Word 2004 did not support Apple Advanced Typography features like ligatures or glyph variants.[92]

Bullets and numbering [edit]

Microsoft Word supports bullet lists and numbered lists. Information technology also features a numbering organization that helps add correct numbers to pages, chapters, headers, footnotes, and entries of tables of content; these numbers automatically change to correct ones every bit new items are added or existing items are deleted. Bullets and numbering can be applied direct to paragraphs and convert them to lists.[93] Discussion 97 through 2003, yet, had bug adding right numbers to numbered lists. In particular, a second irrelevant numbered list might have not started with number one simply instead resumed numbering after the concluding numbered list. Although Give-and-take 97 supported a hidden marking that said the listing numbering must restart afterward, the command to insert this marker (Restart Numbering command) was only added in Discussion 2003. However, if one were to cut the start item of the listed and paste it every bit another item (due east.g. fifth), then the restart marker would have moved with it and the list would have restarted in the eye instead of at the pinnacle.[94]

Users tin also create tables in Discussion. Depending on the version, Discussion tin perform elementary calculations — along with support for formulas and equations too.

Word continues to default to non-Unicode characters and non-hierarchical bulleting, despite user preference for Powerpoint-style symbol hierarchies (e.thou., filled circumvolve/emdash/filled square/endash/emptied circle) and universal compatibility.

AutoSummarize [edit]

Available in certain versions of Word (e.g., Word 2007), AutoSummarize highlights passages or phrases that information technology considers valuable and tin can be a quick way of generating a crude abstract or an executive summary.[95] The corporeality of text to be retained tin be specified past the user as a percentage of the current corporeality of text.

According to Ron Fein of the Word 97 squad, AutoSummarize cuts wordy re-create to the bone by counting words and ranking sentences. First, AutoSummarize identifies the almost common words in the document (barring "a" and "the" and the like) and assigns a "score" to each word – the more than frequently a word is used, the higher the score. Then, it "averages" each judgement past adding the scores of its words and dividing the sum by the number of words in the sentence – the higher the boilerplate, the higher the rank of the sentence. "It's like the ratio of wheat to crust," explains Fein.[96]

AutoSummarize was removed from Microsoft Word for Mac Os X 2011, although it was present in Word for Mac 2008. AutoSummarize was removed from the Office 2010 release version (14) as well.[97]

Word for the spider web [edit]

Word for the web is a free lightweight version of Microsoft Word bachelor as part of Office on the spider web, which as well includes spider web versions of Microsoft Excel and Microsoft PowerPoint.

Word for the web lacks some Ribbon tabs, such as Blueprint and Mailings. Mailings allows users to print envelopes and labels, and manage mail merge printing of Discussion documents.[98] [99] Discussion for the spider web is not able to edit sure objects, such as equations, shapes, text boxes, or drawings, but a placeholder may exist present in the certificate. Certain advanced features similar table sorting or columns will not be displayed but are preserved as they were in the document. Other views bachelor in the Word desktop app (Outline, Draft, Spider web Layout, and Full Screen Reading) are not available, nor are side-by-side viewing, split windows, and the ruler.[100]

Password protection [edit]

At that place are three password types that can exist ready in Microsoft Word:

  • Password to open a certificate[101]
  • Countersign to modify a certificate[101]
  • Password restricting formatting and editing[102]

The second and third password types were adult by Microsoft for convenient shared use of documents rather than for their protection. There is no encryption of documents that are protected by such passwords, and the Microsoft Office protection system saves a hash sum of a password in a document's header where it can be easily accessed and removed past the specialized software. Password to open up a certificate offers much tougher protection that had been steadily enhanced in the subsequent editions of Microsoft Office.

Word 95 and all the preceding editions had the weakest protection that utilized a conversion of a countersign to a 16-bit cardinal.

Key length in Give-and-take 97 and 2000 was strengthened up to 40 bit. Withal, mod smashing software allows removing such a password very quickly – a persistent cracking process takes 1 week at most. Use of rainbow tables reduces password removal time to several seconds. Some password recovery software can not only remove a countersign merely likewise discover an bodily password that was used by a user to encrypt the document using beast-force attack arroyo. Statistically, the possibility of recovering the password depends on the password strength.

Discussion's 2003/XP version default protection remained the same merely an pick that allowed advanced users choosing a Cryptographic Service Provider was added.[103] If a strong CSP is chosen, guaranteed certificate decryption becomes unavailable, and therefore a countersign tin can't be removed from the certificate. Yet, a countersign tin can exist fairly quickly picked with a brute-force attack, because its speed is still loftier regardless of the CSP selected. Moreover, since the CSPs are not active by default, their apply is express to advanced users only.

Word 2007 offers significantly more than secure certificate protection which utilizes the mod Avant-garde Encryption Standard (AES) that converts a password to a 128-chip cardinal using a SHA-1 hash role l,000 times. It makes password removal incommunicable (as of today, no computer that can selection the fundamental in a reasonable amount of time exists), and drastically slows the brute-force set on speed down to several hundreds of passwords per second.

Word'south 2010 protection algorithm was non changed autonomously from the increasing number of SHA-1 conversions upwards to 100,000 times, and consequently, the brute-strength attack speed decreased two times more than.

Reception [edit]

Initial releases of Word were met with criticism. BYTE in 1984 criticized the documentation for Word ane.1 and 2.0 for DOS, calling it "a complete farce". It called the software "clever, put together well, and performs some extraordinary feats", just concluded that "especially when operated with the mouse, has many more than limitations than benefits ... extremely frustrating to learn and operate efficiently".[104] PC Magazine 'southward review was very mixed, stating "I've run into weird word processors earlier, but this is the first time ane'due south nearly knocked me down for the count" but acknowledging that Discussion'due south innovations were the first that caused the reviewer to consider abandoning WordStar. While the review cited an excellent WYSIWYG display, sophisticated print formatting, windows, and footnoting equally merits, it criticized many modest flaws, very slow performance, and "documentation apparently produced by Madame Sadie's Pain Palace". Information technology concluded that Give-and-take was "2 releases abroad from potential greatness".[105]

Compute!'s Apple Applications in 1987 stated that "despite a certain awkwardness", Word 3.01 "will probable become the major Macintosh discussion processor" with "far as well many features to listing here". While criticizing the lack of true WYSIWYG, the magazine concluded that "Word is marvelous. Information technology's like a Mozart or Edison, whose occasional gaucherie we alibi considering of his great gifts".[106]

Compute! in 1989 stated that Word five.0's integration of text and graphics made it "a solid engine for basic desktop publishing". The magazine approved of improvements to text mode, described the $75 price for upgrading from an earlier version as "the bargain of the decade", and concluded that "as a high-octane word processor, Word is definitely worth a look".[107]

During the commencement quarter of 1996, Microsoft Word accounted for 80% of the worldwide word processing market.[108]

Release history [edit]

Fable: Old version, not maintained Older version, notwithstanding maintained Current stable version Latest preview version Future release

Microsoft Word 2010 running on Windows 7

Microsoft Give-and-take for Windows release history
Year released Proper noun Version Comments
1989 Give-and-take for Windows 1.0 Old version, no longer maintained: 1.0 Lawmaking-named Opus[109]
1990 Word for Windows 1.1 Old version, no longer maintained: 1.ane For Windows three.0.[110] Code-named Beak the Cat[ citation needed ]
1990 Discussion for Windows 1.1a Former version, no longer maintained: i.1a On March 25, 2014 Microsoft fabricated the source lawmaking to Word for Windows 1.1a available to the public via the Computer History Museum.[111] [112]
1991 Word for Windows two.0 One-time version, no longer maintained: 2.0 Included in Office 3.0.
1993 Word for Windows 6.0 Sometime version, no longer maintained: six.0 Version numbers 3, four and 5 were skipped, to bring Windows version numbering in line with that of DOS, Mac Bone, and WordPerfect (the main competing give-and-take processor at the fourth dimension). Likewise a 32-bit version for Windows NT only. Included in Office iv.0, 4.ii, and 4.3.
1995 Discussion for Windows 95 One-time version, no longer maintained: 7.0 Included in Function 95
1997 Word 97 Sometime version, no longer maintained: 8.0 Included in Office 97
1998 Word 98 Old version, no longer maintained: viii.v Included in Office 97
1999 Give-and-take 2000 Quondam version, no longer maintained: 9.0 Included in Role 2000
2001 Give-and-take 2002 Onetime version, no longer maintained: ten.0 Included in Role XP
2003 Microsoft Word 2003 Quondam version, no longer maintained: 11.0 Included in Office 2003
2006 Microsoft Word 2007 Old version, no longer maintained: 12.0 Included in Office 2007; released to businesses on November 30, 2006, released worldwide to consumers on January 30, 2007. Extended support until October 10, 2017.
2010 Word 2010 Quondam version, no longer maintained: 14.0 Included in Office 2010; skipped 13.0 due to triskaidekaphobia.[113]
2013 Word 2013 Older version, yet still maintained: 15.0 Included in Office 2013
2016 Give-and-take 2016 Older version, notwithstanding even so maintained: 16.0 Included in Office 2016
2019 Give-and-take 2019 Older version, yet nevertheless maintained: 16.0 Included in Office 2019
2021 Word 2021 Electric current stable version: 16.0 Included in Role 2021
Microsoft Word for classic Mac OS and macOS release history
Yr released Name Version Comments
1985 Give-and-take 1 Old version, no longer maintained: 1.0
1987 Give-and-take 3 Quondam version, no longer maintained: 3.0
1989 Word 4 Old version, no longer maintained: 4.0 Role of Part 1.0 and ane.five
1991 Word v Sometime version, no longer maintained: 5.0
  • Role of Office 3.0
  • Requires System half dozen.0.two, 512 KB of RAM (1 MB for five.i, 2 MB to utilise spell check and thesaurus), 6.5 MB bachelor difficult drive space[18]
1992 Word 5.1 Old version, no longer maintained: 5.i
  • Part of Role 3.0
  • Last version to support 68000-based Macs[xviii]
1993 Word 6 Old version, no longer maintained: half dozen.0
  • Part of Office iv.2
  • Shares code and user interface with Word for Windows 6
  • Requires System seven.0, iv MB of RAM (8 MB recommended), at to the lowest degree 10 MB available hard drive space, 68020 CPU[18]
1998 Word 98 Sometime version, no longer maintained: eight.5
  • Role of Office 98 Macintosh Edition
  • Requires PowerPC-based Macintosh
  • Renumbered aslope contemporary Windows version
2000 Discussion 2001 Old version, no longer maintained: 9.0
  • Part of Microsoft Part 2001
  • Concluding version compatible with Classic Mac OS (Mac OS 9 or earlier)
2001 Word v. X Sometime version, no longer maintained: x.0
  • Part of Office 5. X
  • First version for Mac Bone X only
2004 Word 2004 Old version, no longer maintained: 11.0 Part of Role 2004
2008 Discussion 2008 Onetime version, no longer maintained: 12.0 Office of Part 2008
2010 Word 2011 Onetime version, no longer maintained: 14.0 Part of Office 2011; skipped 13.0 due to triskaidekaphobia.[113]
2015 Word 2016 Older version, yet still maintained: sixteen.0 Part of Office 2016; skipped 15.0
2019 Word 2019 Older version, still still maintained: 16.0 Part of Office 2019
2021 Discussion 2021 Current stable version: sixteen.0 Included in Office 2021
Word for MS-DOS release history
Year released Name Version Comments
1983 Give-and-take i Old version, no longer maintained: 1.0 Initial version of Word
1985 Discussion 2 Old version, no longer maintained: 2.0
1986 Word three Sometime version, no longer maintained: 3.0
1987 Discussion 4 Sometime version, no longer maintained: 4.0
1989 Word 5 One-time version, no longer maintained: five.0
1991 Word v.1 Onetime version, no longer maintained: 5.1
1991 Word 5.5 Sometime version, no longer maintained: 5.5 First DOS version to use a Windows-similar user interface
1993 Give-and-take 6 Old version, no longer maintained: 6.0 Concluding DOS version.
Word release history on other platforms
Platform Year released Name Comments
Atari ST 1988 Microsoft Write Based on Microsoft Discussion one.05 for Mac Bone
OS/2 1989 Microsoft Word 5.0 Word 5.0 ran both under DOS and under OS/2 dual mode as a native OS/two awarding
Bone/ii 1991 Microsoft Give-and-take 5.five Word 5.v ran both under DOS and nether Bone/2 dual mode as a native OS/ii awarding
OS/ii 1990 Microsoft Give-and-take for OS/2 Presentation Manager version ane.one
OS/2 1991 Microsoft Word for OS/ii Presentation Director version 1.2
SCO Unix 1990 Microsoft Word for Unix version 5.0[114]
SCO Unix 1991 Microsoft Word for Unix version v.1[115]

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Further reading [edit]

  • Tsang, Cheryl. Microsoft: Outset Generation. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 978-0-471-33206-0.
  • Liebowitz, Stan J. & Margolis, Stephen E. Winners, Losers & Microsoft: Competition and Antitrust in High Technology Oakland: Independent Institute. ISBN 978-0-945999-lxxx-5.

External links [edit]

  • Microsoft Give-and-take – official site
  • Find and supersede text past using regular expressions (Avant-garde) - archived official support website

Reading Docx Files on Older Word Versions

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Word

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